📄 tanstack/db/latest/docs/reference/type-aliases/Ref

type Ref<T> = { [K in keyof T]: IsNonExactOptional<T[K]> extends true ? IsNonExactNullable<T[K]> extends true ? IsPlainObject<NonNullable<T[K]>> extends true ? Ref<NonNullable<T[K]>> | undefined : RefLeaf<NonNullable<T[K]>> | undefined : IsPlainObject<NonUndefined<T[K]>> extends true ? Ref<NonUndefined<T[K]>> | undefined : RefLeaf<NonUndefined<T[K]>> | undefined : IsNonExactNullable<T[K]> extends true ? IsPlainObject<NonNull<T[K]>> extends true ? Ref<NonNull<T[K]>> | null : RefLeaf<NonNull<T[K]>> | null : IsPlainObject<T[K]> extends true ? Ref<T[K]> : RefLeaf<T[K]> } & RefLeaf<T>;


type Ref<T> = { [K in keyof T]: IsNonExactOptional<T[K]> extends true ? IsNonExactNullable<T[K]> extends true ? IsPlainObject<NonNullable<T[K]>> extends true ? Ref<NonNullable<T[K]>> | undefined : RefLeaf<NonNullable<T[K]>> | undefined : IsPlainObject<NonUndefined<T[K]>> extends true ? Ref<NonUndefined<T[K]>> | undefined : RefLeaf<NonUndefined<T[K]>> | undefined : IsNonExactNullable<T[K]> extends true ? IsPlainObject<NonNull<T[K]>> extends true ? Ref<NonNull<T[K]>> | null : RefLeaf<NonNull<T[K]>> | null : IsPlainObject<T[K]> extends true ? Ref<T[K]> : RefLeaf<T[K]> } & RefLeaf<T>;

Defined in: packages/db/src/query/builder/types.ts:471

Ref - The user-facing ref interface for the query builder

This is a clean type that represents a reference to a value in the query, designed for optimal IDE experience without internal implementation details. It provides a recursive interface that allows nested property access while preserving optionality and nullability correctly.

When spread in select clauses, it correctly produces the underlying data type without Ref wrappers, enabling clean spread operations.

Example usage:

typescript

// Clean interface - no internal properties visible
const users: Ref<{ id: number; profile?: { bio: string } }> = { ... }
users.id // Ref<number> - clean display
users.profile?.bio // Ref<string> - nested optional access works

// Spread operations work cleanly:
select(({ user }) => ({ ...user })) // Returns User type, not Ref types


// Clean interface - no internal properties visible
const users: Ref<{ id: number; profile?: { bio: string } }> = { ... }
users.id // Ref<number> - clean display
users.profile?.bio // Ref<string> - nested optional access works

// Spread operations work cleanly:
select(({ user }) => ({ ...user })) // Returns User type, not Ref types

Type Parameters
--------------- ### T

T = any

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